How to Use a Commercial Dishwasher: A Step-by-Step Guide

Commercial dishwashers have become an essential part of busy food service establishments, providing an efficient solution for cleaning and sanitizing large volumes of dishes, glassware, and utensils. Navigating the proper use of these machines can be daunting, but with the right guidance, it can become a seamless addition to your kitchen's routine.

In this article, we will explore the steps and best practices for operating a commercial dishwasher, ensuring that your staff and equipment remain safe and efficient throughout the process. By the end, you will have a better understanding of how to use these valuable appliances to their fullest potential.

Understanding Commercial Dishwashers

Commercial dishwashers are essential appliances for various businesses such as restaurants, cafes, and hotels. They are designed to wash a large volume of dishes in a time-efficient manner. In this section, we will discuss the types of commercial dishwashers, their key components, and functions.

Types of Commercial Dishwashers

There are several types of commercial dishwashers available in the market based on the washing method and the installation style:

High-temperature dishwashers - These units use hot water, typically above 180°F (82°C), to sanitize the dishes. The high temperature helps to remove grease and food residues more effectively. (source)
Low-temperature dishwashers - These dishwashers rely on chemical sanitizers instead of high water temperatures. They usually have lower energy consumption compared to high-temperature dishwashers. (source)
Undercounter dishwashers - These units are similar in size to residential dishwashers and can be installed under a countertop, saving valuable floor space.
Door-type dishwashers - These are larger units with a door that slides up and down, allowing easy loading and unloading of dishes. Suitable for medium to large establishments.
Conveyor dishwashers - These are designed for high-volume operations and can handle a significant amount of dishes per hour. They feature a conveyor system that moves the dishes through different washing stages.

Key Components and Functions

Commercial dishwashers are made up of several key components that aid in the dishwashing process:

Racks: Racks hold the dishes and utensils in place during the washing process. These racks can be easily removed and loaded with dirty dishes, making the process much more efficient. (source)
Wash Pumps: These pumps circulate water mixed with detergent inside the dishwasher to remove food particles and dirt from the dishes. The water is sprayed through jets, ensuring that each dish is thoroughly washed.
Rinse Pumps: After the wash cycle, rinse pumps send clean water through the jets to rinse off any remaining detergent and food residues.
Heating Elements: In high-temperature dishwashers, heating elements are responsible for raising the water temperature to the required sanitizing level. (source)
Chemical Dispensers: Low-temperature dishwashers use chemical dispensers to release sanitizing agents into the water during the final rinse cycle. (source)
Drain Pumps: These pumps remove waste water from the dishwasher at the end of the cycle.

Understanding the various types of commercial dishwashers and their key components can help you choose the right dishwasher for your establishment and ensure efficient washing of dishes.

Preparing the Dishwasher for Use

Loading Detergent and Rinse Aid

Before using a commercial dishwasher, it is vital to fill the detergent and rinse aid dispensers properly. Ensure that you choose the right type of cleaning agents designed specifically for commercial dishwashers. Most dispensers have a fill line, so be sure to fill up to this point and not exceed the recommended amount. Close the dispenser lids securely after filling them.

Filling the Water Tank

Commercial dishwashers require a specific amount of water to operate efficiently. Fill the water tank by connecting it to a reliable water source, and turn on the supply to allow the water to flow into the tank. Confirm that the temperature of the water set for your dishwasher meets the recommended settings for optimal cleaning (typically between 49°C and 82°C).

It is crucial to monitor the water level within the tank and maintain an appropriate amount. Keep an eye out for the water level indicator or gauge, which is usually located on the side of the dishwasher. Refill the tank when the water level is low to ensure consistent and effective cleaning.

Inspecting the Filters

Before using your commercial dishwasher, inspect its filters for debris and cleanliness. Remove and clean any coarse, fine, or flat filters as necessary. These filters protect the dishwasher and ensure that it operates efficiently, so it is essential to clean them regularly. Additionally, ensure that the filters are placed back correctly to avoid any compromise in dishwasher performance.

It is a good practice to check the dishwasher's drain as well, keeping it free from obstructions while loading items into the dishwasher. This prevents any issues during operation and promotes a smooth flow of water through the washing cycle. For more information on using a commercial dishwasher, you can refer to Ian Boer or Caterbox UK.

Loading the Dishwasher

Sorting and Arranging Dishware

Before you start loading the dishwasher, it's important to sort and arrange the dishware for optimum cleaning results. Remove any food debris from the dishes before placing them inside the dishwasher. Group similar items together, such as plates, bowls, cups, and utensils. This helps to ensure that each item is exposed to the water jets for thorough cleaning.

Arrange larger plates at the back of the rack and smaller plates at the front. Glasses and cups should be placed opening-down on the racks to prevent water from collecting inside them. Utensils should be placed in the designated utensil holder or compartment. Keep sharp items, like knives, away from plastic items to avoid potential damage.

Understanding Racks and Trays

Commercial dishwashers usually have multiple racks and trays to optimize the washing process. It is crucial to understand the purpose of each rack and tray to load the dishwasher correctly.

Top Rack: The top rack is designed for holding lighter, more delicate items like glasses, mugs, and smaller kitchen utensils. Place mugs on one side of the top rack beside the tines and not on them. Small glasses should be placed on the other side of the top rack, ensuring there's enough space between them to avoid damage during the washing cycle.

Bottom Rack: The bottom rack is intended for heavier, more sturdy items like plates, pots, and pans. Arrange the plates between the tines, with the dirty side facing the center of the dishwasher. This ensures that the water jets can reach all surfaces and provide efficient cleaning. Pots and pans should be placed upside-down on the bottom rack, with enough space between them for effective washing.

Utensil Holders: Most commercial dishwasher models include a dedicated utensil holder or compartment. Load forks and spoons with the handles down, while knives should be loaded with the handles up for safety reasons. Mixing utensils of different types in each holder helps to prevent nesting and encourages proper cleaning during the wash cycle.

Operating the Commercial Dishwasher

Selecting the Appropriate Cycle

Choose the right wash cycle for your dishes by assessing the degree of soiling and type of utensils. Most commercial dishwashers have pre-set cycles for different requirements. Consult the manufacturer's instructions or dishwasher guide for cycle recommendations tailored to your specific dishwasher model.

Starting the Dishwasher

Before starting the dishwasher, ensure that it is filled with water up to the appropriate level, which is usually about two inches from the top of the tank, as mentioned by Ian Boer. Once the machine is filled and heated, load the dishes into the racks correctly and slide them into the dishwasher.

Close the door and press the start button if required, as some models start automatically when the door is closed, as stated by Caterbox UK. The machine will now begin the selected wash cycle.

Monitoring the Wash Cycle

Keep an eye on the wash cycle's progress and ensure the dishwasher is operating efficiently. Check for any error messages or issues during the wash cycle. In case of any problems, refer to the manufacturer's troubleshooting guide or contact their customer support.

Once the cycle is complete, remove the dishes and inspect them for cleanliness. If needed, run a second cycle or use a manual scrubbing method for stubborn stains. Empty and clean the dishwasher filters to maintain optimal performance.

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Daily Cleaning Tasks

To keep your commercial dishwasher in good condition, it is essential to perform daily cleaning tasks. Some of these tasks include:

Wiping down the interior and exterior surfaces with a damp cloth
Removing and cleaning the filter
Rinsing and scrubbing the wash arms
Emptying and cleaning the scrap trays

Scheduled Maintenance

Routine maintenance is vital for extending the lifespan and efficiency of your commercial dishwasher. Regularly scheduled tasks involve:

Inspecting and replacing worn gaskets and hoses
Checking and tightening any loose parts
Applying lubricants to moving parts, as required
Having a professional technician inspect and service the unit at least once per year

Common Issues and Solutions

While commercial dishwashers are designed for heavy use, common problems may occasionally arise. Here are some typical issues and their respective solutions:

Issue	Solution
Low water pressure	Check for clogged spray arms and clean them if necessary, or review the water supply for blockages and fix as needed (source).
Wash cycle does not start	Examine the door switch and ensure it is properly closed, or verify that the power supply is connected and working (source).
Dishes not cleaned properly	Ensure the dishwasher is using the correct wash cycle, assess the detergent dispenser function, and examine the filter for obstructions (source).
Leaking dishwasher	Inspect door gaskets, hose connections, and pump seals, then repair or replace as needed (source).

Addressing these common issues promptly can help maintain your commercial dishwasher's performance and ensure its longevity.

Conclusion

In summary, using a commercial dishwasher effectively involves selecting the right machine for your specific needs, ensuring correct installation, and following proper loading and maintenance practices. These appliances are designed to provide efficient and hygienic cleaning, making them essential for any commercial enterprise.

Key factors to consider when choosing a commercial dishwasher include the size, capacity, energy-efficiency, and sanitization methods. Some dishwashers utilize high-temperature water while others use chemical sanitizers to ensure proper hygiene. Considering these factors will help you make an informed decision and invest in the right equipment.

Some best practices for using a commercial dishwasher involve:

Following manufacturer's guidelines for loading and detergent use.
Regularly cleaning and maintaining the machine to ensure peak performance.
Training your staff on proper usage and safety procedures.

By adhering to these guidelines and tips, you will optimize the efficiency and effectiveness of your commercial dishwasher, ensuring a clean and hygienic work environment with minimal downtime. This will ultimately contribute to the success of your business and the satisfaction of your customers.

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